Article I: Establishment of the Agency 1. A European organisation, called the "European Space Agency", hereinafter referred to as "the Agency", is hereby established. 2. The members of the Agency, hereinafter referred to as "Member States", shall be the States which are parties to this Convention in accordance with Articles XX and XXII. 3. All Member States shall participate in the mandatory activities referred to in Article V.1 (a) and shall contribute to the fixed common costs of the Agency, referred to in Annex II. 4. The Headquarters of the Agency shall be situated in the Paris area.