Space Law TOP
Contents Intoroduction Preliminaries Chapter 1 Chapter 2
Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Appendix Index

Section VII. Liability

Article 29. Responsibility of Officials, Organizations and Citizens

State bodies and their officials, other organizations and their officials, as well as citizens guilty of violation of this Law and other legislative acts governing space activity shall be held responsible in accordance with legislation of Russian Federation.

Article 30. Liability for Damage

1.

Russian Federation shall guarantee full compensation for direct damage inflicted as a result of accidents while carrying out space activity in accordance with legislation of Russian Federation.


2.

Compensation for damage inflicted as a result of accidents while carrying out space activity shall be paid by the organizations and citizens responsible for operation of the space technics involved.

If such damage is the result of errors committed at the creation and use of space technics, liability for damages shall be partly or fully laid upon the appropriate organizations and citizens.


3.

Liability for damages inflicted by a space object of Russian Federation within the territory of Russian Federation or outside the jurisdiction of any state, except outer space, shall arise regardless of the fault of the inflictor thereof.

If in any place, apart from the Earth's surface, damage has been inflicted on a space object of Russian Federation or on property on board of such object by another space object, the liability of organizations and citizens shall emerge with their being at fault and in proportion to their fault.

Should liability for damage inflicted by a space object of Russian Federation attach to several organizations and citizens, the injured party may claim for a compensation to all such organizations and citizens or to any of them.

In the latter case, the organization or the citizen that has indemnified for the damage shall have the right of recourse against the correspondents, whose liability shall be apportioned according to the degree of their fault, and if it is impossible to establish the fault ! equally.


4.

The liability of organizations and citizens participating in the creation and use of space technics for damage inflicted as a result of accidents while carrying out space activity shall be limited to the amount of the insured sum or insurance indemnity provided in contracts of insurance of space technics and risks involved in space activity.

If the insured sum or insurance indemnity is insufficient for compensation for the damage inflicted as a result of accidents while carrying out space activity, recourse may be taken against the property of relevant organizations and citizens in the manner specified in the legislation of Russian Federation.

The President of

Russian Federation


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