(3) U.S.-RUSSIAN JOINT COMMISSION ON ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION; Joint Statement on Space Station Cooperation(Signed on June 23, 1994) In accordance with the June 17, 1992 Agreement between the United States of America and the Russian Federation Concerning Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes, and the understandings reached at the Russian-American Joint Commission on Economic and Technological Cooperation which met in Moscow on December 15-16, 1993, the U.S. and Russian Governments note with deep satisfaction the considerable progress made to date in their joint effort to expand cooperation in human space flight. In furtherance of their mutual desire to strengthen cooperation in space, the U.S. and Russian Governments note the following milestones which have been jointly achieved since the December 1993 Joint Commission meeting: • January - April 1994: Russian docking module model was received for testing in the U.S., U.S. solar array components were shipped to Russia as part of a joint development program and U.S. scientific equipment was shipped to Russia for launch on Progress and for integration into the Russian Spektre laboratory of the Mir space station. • February 1994: The flight of the first Russian cosmonaut on the U.S. Space Shuttle was conducted. Flight preparations are underway to fly a second Russian cosmonaut on Shuttle. • March 1994: Two U.S. astronauts commenced training at Star City in Russia for a mission on the Mir space station in early 1995. • March 1994: The Space Station System Design Review, a major program milestone involving the participation of all Space Station partners and Russia, was successfully completed. • April 1994: Formal government-level negotiations commenced, with Russian participation, on the Protocol amending the 1988 Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement. • June 1994: Joint crew training, in preparation for the May 1995 Shuttle-Mir docking mission, was completed at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. • June 23, 1994: The NASA/RSA Interim Agreement was signed, which provides for RSA participation in international Space Station activities pending conclusion of the Protocol to the 1988 Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement. • June 23, 1994: A definitized Contract Agreement was signed between the NASA and RSA for $400M of goods and services to be provided during Shuttle-Mir operations and during the early international Space Station assembly phase. Funds will be provided to conduct joint scientific research in the framework of the U.S.-Russian human space flight program. The U.S. and Russian Governments express their firm commitment to develop an integrated Space Station and to expedite the process for Russian involvement in the international Space Station as a full partner. In this regard, the two governments directed their appropriate organizations to continue efforts that will lead to conclusion of the Protocol to the Intergovernmental Agreement and a NASA/RSA Memorandum of Understanding on space station cooperation. They also directed NASA and RSA to intensify their efforts to implement the program. NASA and RSA are to complete arrangements for establishing their respective liaison offices in Houston, Texas, and in Moscow no later than September 1994. Both space agencies have reaffirmed their resolve to complete the preparations for the early 1995 joint missions including a Shuttle mission to fly around the Mir station in February, the launch of a joint crew onboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft to the Mir space station in March, and the first Space Shuttle docking with the Mir space station in May-June. NASA and RSA reaffirm their decision to meet all milestones necessary to achieve Space Station First Element Launch in November 1997, including completion of top level technical documentation by August 31, 1994, completion of an incremental design review in September 1994, and the Critical Design Review in March 1995. In carrying out bilateral cooperation, the Governments of both countries encourage industry-to-industry cooperation. For example, U.S. and Russian firms are working together on modifications to the Shuttle Orbiter to utilize a Russian-developed docking mechanism on future Shuttle missions to Mir. In addition, the FGB Energy Block, which will be used for guidance, navigation and reboost on the international Space Station, will be procured through a contractual arrangement between a U.S. firm and a Russian enterprise. In the area of science utilization, the U.S. and Russian Governments note with satisfaction that several important milestones have been achieved since the December 1993 Joint Commission meeting: • The U.S./Russian Joint Working Group on Space Biomedicine, Life Support Systems and Microgravity Sciences met in Moscow in March 1994, and agreed to expand its efforts to include the areas of strategic planning and coordination between scientific communities of each side to enhance future cooperation in orbital research involving human and robotic space flight, including research on the international Space Station. • The Joint Mission Science Working Group established under the 1992 Human Space Flight Agreement met in Moscow in April 1994 and continued to work on defining the overall program of planned joint research in the areas of life and microgravity sciences and applications for the upcoming Shuttle/Mir missions, as the first phase of the international Space Station program. The U.S. and Russian Governments are delighted by the work done thus far to expand U.S.-Russian human space cooperation and to lay the foundation for Russia's full participation in the international Space Station. The U.S. and Russian Governments remain committed to this historic endeavor. Signatures, Washington, D.C., June 23, 1994