Introduction The Secretary of Defense on behalf of the Department of Defense of the United States of America, the Minister of Defence of the Kingdom of Norway, and the Secretary of State for Defence of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, hereinafter referred to as the "Participants": Having a common interest in defense; Recognizing the benefits to be obtained from standardization, rationalization, and interoperability of military equipment; Desiring to improve their mutual conventional defense capabilities through the application of emerging technology; Having a mutual need for the development of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications in support of warfare in coastal areas and shallow water regions, and the detection and characterization of shipwakes of surface ships; and Having independently conducted research, exploratory development, and testing of the applications of various technologies, recognize the benefits of cooperation in the development of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications to support coastal warfare, and surface shipwake detection and characterization; Have reached the following understandings: